Accessible Digital Maps: Enhancing Navigation for All
Introduction to Accessible Digital Maps
For people with disabilities, digital maps are powerful tools for indoor and outdoor navigation, but they often lack accessible user interfaces and crucial accessibility information. Ideally, accessible digital maps provide alternate user formats (audio, braille, high-contrast, large print, voice and/or gesture commands, virtual and real-time exploration, etc.), detailed guidance on accessible routes, landmarks, and public transportation options to empower everyone to travel safely and independently.
Importance of Digital Maps for Accessibility
Accessible digital maps play a key role in assisting individuals with disabilities to navigate their surroundings. These maps offer detailed information regarding accessible routes, landmarks, public transportation options, and more, ensuring users can travel with confidence and ease. Whether it is providing multi-modal (audio/vibration) feedback, route guidance, wheelchair-friendly paths, or locating elevators, accessible digital maps mitigate barriers and promote independence.
Challenges in Creating Accessible Maps
There is no shortage of maps, both print and digital, but creating maps in a common language for app developers to integrate into accessible digital maps remains a major barrier to inclusive indoor and outdoor wayfinding. For a blind person arriving at a building's entrance, indoor maps that only display visually are useless. Similarly, for a person using a wheelchair, a route that omits a six-inch step or includes an inaccessible doorway can be a significant obstacle. These are just two of the many instances where traditional map guidance fails to provide accessible and inclusive experiences for the end user.
Gateway Navigation Accessible Digital Map Pilots - Partners and Collaborators
Gateway Navigation collaborated with Accessibuild, an app developer based in North Bay, Ontario, to pilot their accessible digital map platform and app software. Accessibuild created digital maps with the essential architecture and accessibility data for the venues using CAD floor plans, LiDAR scans, and data repositories. These pilots were conducted at the Government of Canada's Sinclair Centre, Cadillac Fairview's Pacific Centre Mall, and Cadillac Fairview's Waterfront. The Waterfront project also involved collaboration with TransLink and the British Columbia Institute of Technology (BCIT).
Despite the success of these pilots, the challenge remains to scale from a few maps to thousands, if not millions, of venues. One potential solution is using open-source repositories of technical information about the built environment. This data can be distilled into the essential information required for accessible wayfinding. We are closely following the work at the University of Washington's Taskar Center for Accessible Technology, which created both GoAccessMap and OpenSidewalks. By leveraging machine learning, OpenStreetMap, and the comprehensive indoor wayfinding information available via GTFS Pathways, we believe these solutions, along with advancements in machine learning, can enable app developers to achieve sustainable and scalable integration.
Overview of OpenStreetMap (OSM) and Its Role in Accessible Navigation
OpenStreetMap (OSM) is a collaborative project that creates free, editable maps of the world. What sets OSM apart is its commitment to accessibility. Volunteers from around the globe contribute data, ensuring that the maps include crucial information like curb cuts, tactile paving, and accessible entrances. This community-driven approach makes OSM a valuable resource for accessible navigation.
OSM Features Enhancing Accessibility
OSM is packed with features that enhance accessibility. It allows users to customize maps based on their specific needs, highlighting accessible routes and amenities. For instance, a wheelchair user can easily find the most suitable path through a city, avoiding stairs and steep slopes. This level of detail is invaluable for planning journeys that are not only possible but comfortable and safe.
GTFS Pathways
The General Transit Feed Specification (GTFS) is a format used by over 10,000 transit authorities worldwide for public transportation schedules and associated geographic information. The GTFS Pathways extension focuses on accessibility within public transit systems. It provides detailed information about pathways in transit stations, including elevators, ramps, and accessible restrooms. This ensures that individuals with disabilities can navigate complex transit environments with greater ease and certainty.
GoAccessMap and OpenSidewalks
GoAccessMap is an innovative project that focuses on sidewalk accessibility. By collecting and analyzing data about sidewalk conditions, GoAccessMap can be accessed virtually or in real time, providing route directions and identifying obstacles that can impede mobility, such as uneven surfaces or blocked paths. This information is crucial for people who are blind, partially sighted, use wheelchairs, or have other mobility challenges, offering them reliable routes through urban areas.
Gateway Navigation's Role
Gateway Navigation supports the integration of tools like OpenStreetMap (OSM), GTFS Pathways, and machine learning to create comprehensive accessible maps. By collaborating with local governments, venues, and organizations, Gateway Navigation engages with people with disabilities to test and evaluate these maps, ensuring they are accurate, up-to-date, and accessible. Gateway's adherence to the principle, “nothing about us without us,” set out by the UN and the Accessible Canada Act on the equal partnership of people with disabilities, not only enhances individual independence but also fosters a more inclusive community.
Accessible digital maps are transforming the way people with disabilities navigate the world. Tools like OpenStreetMap, GTFS Pathways, and GoAccessMap provide detailed, customizable information that makes travel safer and more convenient. Gateway Navigation's commitment to advocating for and using these tools underscores the importance of accessibility in our digital age. By continuing to innovate and collaborate, we can create a world where everyone can navigate with confidence and independence.